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- 5. Future Research
- Further clinical trials focussing on adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy are needed both to improve
- the effectiveness of current treatments and try to understand drug and immune mechanisms. Studies are also
- needed to determine the optimum role of radiotherapy in rectal cancer.
-
- For Dietary Prevention of Colorectal Cancer
- Recommendations
- • The diet should stress high fiber and low fat.
- • Increased growth rate of colon membrane cells may precede colon cancer. Chemoprevention is being tested
- with micronutrients—vitamins and minerals.
- • Calcium may help by regulating cell overgrowth.
- • Other factors are stool acidity (pH) and the effect of bile and fatty acids on the colon's lining (mucosa).
- Depending on acidity, calcium may help regulate the cancer-promoting role of bile acids and fatty acids.
- • A women's trial has shown a 2 1/2 times normal risk of colon cancer when red meat (pork, beef, lamb) is eaten
- daily (animal fats) rather than a few times a month. (Vegetable fat was not a risk factor.)
- • 1,200 - 2,000 mg daily calcium intake (in skim milk or substitute, food or pills) to help reduce colorectal cell
- growth, especially if a polyp has already been found.
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